Guturika umucanga - Byumvikana kandi byoroshye

Guturika umucanga bikoresha umwuka ufunze nk'imbaraga nyamukuru zo gutera ibintu bidahuye n'imiterere y'umuvuduko mwinshi ku buso bw'ibikoresho. Aho bishyirwa ni ugusukura neza no gukaraba neza, hamwe n'imirimo y'inyongera yo gukuraho ubushyuhe. Ni igikorwa cy'ingenzi cyo kuvura mbere yo gutera no gusiga ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi nyuma.

Ingufu zishobora guhindurwa mu buryo bworoshye: igitutu cy'umwuka cyo guturitsa umucanga urimo umuvuduko ni 0.5–0.7 MPa, naho ku guturitsa umucanga urimo umuvuduko mwinshi ni 0.3–0.5 MPa. Guturitsa umuvuduko mwinshi w'amazi (utuvuduko duto) bishobora gukoreshwa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Ibyuma birimo ibintu bito bito bitagira imiterere nk'umucanga wa quartz, alumina y'umukara, n'ibishishwa bya walnut bitangiza ibidukikije. Ingano y'uduce duto itoranywa hashingiwe ku bisabwa ku bushyuhe bw'ubuso; grit ya G120–G80 irasabwa kugira ngo ikureho ingese ya Sa2.5.

Intego yayo nyamukuru ni ugukuraho neza amavuta, irangi rishaje, n'ingese ku buso bw'ibikoresho, kugenzura neza ubukana bw'ubuso, no kunoza uburyo irangi rifatana. Ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gushushanya no gutunganya ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bw'ubugeni.

Ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu bikoresho bito, bitandukanye kandi bigoye, nk'ibibumbano, ibice bya aluminiyumu bifite inkuta nto, no gukuraho ingese mu bice by'ubwato. Iroroshye cyane ku byuma byoroshye n'amabati magufi kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika, kandi ikurikiza amahame ngenderwaho yo gukuraho ingese ya GB/T 8923.1.

Gusohora Amasasu - Byumvikana neza kandi byibanda ku kintu kimwe

Kimwe no guturika umucanga mu buryo bw'ingufu, gusohora amasasu bikoresha umwuka ufunze cyangwa imbaraga nto zo hagati kugira ngo bitere amasasu azengurutse ku muvuduko mwinshi ku buso bw'ibikoresho. Byibanda cyane cyane ku gushimangira ubuso kandi birakwiriye mu gutunganya ahantu hagoye.

Ingufu zishobora guhindurwa mu buryo bworoshye, bigatuma habaho kugenzura neza inguni yo gusukura n'umuvuduko w'amasasu, bigatuma akoreshwa mu myobo y'imbere n'imfuruka bigoye gupfukwa no guturika amasasu. Ibyuma bikoreshwa mu guturika amasasu, bihuye n'ibikoreshwa mu guturika amasasu, ni amasasu azengurutse afite umurambararo wa mm 0.1–2.0. Afite ubuso bworoshye, nta gukanda cyane igikoresho cyo gukora, kandi ashobora kongera gukoreshwa.

Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ukongera ubukana bw'ubuso, imbaraga z'umunaniro, no kudashira binyuze mu gukomeretsa akazi, ndetse no gutanga uburyo bwo gukosora imihangayiko no gukuraho ubushyuhe. Ingaruka zayo zo gusukura ni nkeya ugereranyije no guturitsa umucanga.

Ibintu bifatika birimo gushimangira ibice by'ingenzi bitwara imizigo nk'ibikoresho by'imodoka, ibice by'indege, n'amapine. Menya ko ibikoresho byo gukoraho amavuta bigomba gukurwaho amavuta mbere y'igihe kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduza amasasu no kugira ingaruka ku musaruro.

Guturika amasasu - Itsinda kandi Ikora neza

Guturika amasasu bikoresha imbaraga za centrifugal nk'imbaraga z'ibanze. Impeller izenguruka yihuta cyane (uruziga rw'ibisasu) itera amasasu azengurutse ku muvuduko mwinshi ku buso bw'ibikoresho. Yibanda ku gusukura neza cyane no gukomeza ubuso, ifite urwego rwo hejuru rw'imikorere y'ikoranabuhanga, kandi ni yo mahitamo meza yo gukora ku bwinshi.

Ku bijyanye n'ingufu, umuvuduko wa impeller ushobora kugera kuri 1500–3000 r/min, kandi umuvuduko wa mbere wo kurasa ni 100 m/s. Ntiyishingikiriza kuri compressor y'umwuka kandi itanga igipimo cyo gukoresha ingufu nyinshi kurusha izindi nzira ebyiri mu gihe kirekire, hamwe n'ubushobozi burenze 30% kuruta guturika umucanga n'intoki. Ibikoresho ni amasasu azengurutse, adafite impande, akunze kuba akozwe mu byuma cyangwa amasasu y'icyuma kitagira umugese, afite umurambararo wa mm 0.8–2.5. Ashobora kongera gukoreshwa inshuro amagana, hagasabwa gusa kongera kuvugurura buri gihe (kongera kuvugurura ≤ 10% by'ingano yose).

Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ugukuraho ingano ya okiside, gushushanya umucanga, n'ingese mu bicukurwa n'ibicukurwa, mu gihe yongera ubukana bw'ubuso no kudacika intege binyuze mu gukomeza akazi no kugabanya umuvuduko w'imbere mu mubiri.

Ibintu bikoreshwa ni ingano nini y'ibikoresho bisanzwe, nk'ibyuma, iminara ya turbine y'umuyaga, n'ibice bya chassis by'imodoka. Bishobora guhuzwa n'imirongo itwara imizigo ikora mu buryo bwikora kugira ngo bikomeze gukorwa, hakurikijwe amahame ya JB/T 8355 y'ibikoresho n'amahame yo gukuraho ingese ya GB/T 8923.1.

1. Itandukaniro ry'inkomoko y'ingufu

• Guturika umucanga: Bikoreshwa cyane cyane n'umwuka ufunze, hamwe n'umuvuduko w'umwuka ushobora guhindurwa kugira ngo uhuze n'ibisabwa bitandukanye by'ubuziranenge.
• Gusohora amasasu: Ingufu nk'izo guturika umucanga; ikoresha umwuka ufunze cyangwa imbaraga nto zo hagati kugira ngo igenzure neza.
• Guturika kw'amasasu: Bishingiye ku ngufu za centrifugal ziva kuri impeller (ingufu za mekanike), nta compressor y'umwuka ikenewe, ifite imbaraga zihamye kandi zikomeye.

2. Itandukaniro ry'Intego z'Ingenzi

• Guturika umucanga: Imirimo y'ingenzi ni ugusukura ubuso no gukaraba neza nk'uburyo bwo kuvura mbere yo gutera no gusiga ifu, hamwe no gukuraho ubushyuhe.
• Gutobora inshinge: Imikorere y'ibanze ni ugukomeza ubuso bw'aho hantu kugira ngo wongere ubukana n'ubudahangarwa; ingaruka zo gusukura ni nkeya.
• Guturika amasasu: Imirimo y'ingenzi ni ugukuraho ingese n'ingano ya okiside, hamwe no gukomeza ubuso muri rusange, bigashimangira imikorere myiza cyane.

3. Itandukaniro mu miterere y'itangazamakuru

• Guturika umucanga: Bikoresha ibintu bidasanzwe kandi bityaye (umucanga wa quartz, alumina y'umukara ivanze n'ibindi), bidashobora kongera gukoreshwa.
• Gukoresha amasasu yo gusohora: Ikoresha amasasu azengurutse afite ubuso bworoshye budasya cyane ibikoresho byo gukora; ishobora kongera gukoreshwa.
• Guturika amasasu: Ibyuma bizunguruka kimwe n'ibikoreshwa mu gusohora amasasu (amasasu y'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, amasasu y'icyuma kitagira umugese, nibindi), hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo kongera gukoresha amasasu.

4. Itandukaniro Rishoboka mu Miterere

• Guturika umucanga: Bikwiriye ibikoresho bito, by’ubwoko bwinshi kandi bigoye gukora neza (ibimera, ibice bya aluminiyumu bifite inkuta nto).
• Gusohora amasasu: Bikwiriye ahantu hagoye cyane imbere n'imfuruka ku buryo budashobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe guturitsa amasasu, cyane cyane ku bice by'ingenzi bitwara imizigo (ibikoresho by'imodoka).
• Guturika amasasu: Bikwiriye gukorwa ku bwinshi bw'ibikoresho bisanzwe (ibyuma, iminara ya turbine y'umuyaga), bihuye n'imirongo ikora yikora.

5. Itandukaniro ku bidukikije n'ikiguzi

• Guturika umucanga: Bitanga ivumbi rinini; ibintu bidashobora kongera gukoreshwa bigabanya ikiguzi cy'igihe kirekire.
• Gusohora amasasu: Gutanga ivumbi riringaniye; amasasu ashobora kongera gukoreshwa, igiciro kiri hagati yo guturika umucanga no guturika amasasu.
• Guturika amasasu: Ibikoresho bifunze neza bifite ivumbi rike; igiciro cyo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga kiri hejuru, igiciro gito cyane mu gihe kirekire.